Watch Out for Drugs Causing Sun Sensitivity

Certain drugs cause sun sensitivity like rashes and an increased risk of sunburn. If you’re taking these medications, take extra precautions to protect yourself when outdoors. These drugs, known as photosensitizing drugs, increase the risk of developing a rash in response to sunlight. There are two different types of photosensitive drug reactions: phototoxic and photoallergic.

Phototoxic drug reactions result in a burning rash similar to sunburn. They could cause a rash in any individual who has taken a high-enough dose of the drug and has been exposed to enough ultraviolet rays. Some of the common drugs that could cause a phototoxic reaction include:

• Antifungals
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Certain antibiotics (e.g., tetracyclines)
• Some drugs to treat high blood pressure (antihypertensive) or heart diseases (antiarrhythmics)

Photoallergic drug reactions mainly cause an itchy rash and tend to be more chronic. These reactions aren’t dependent on the dose of the medication and only occur in a subset of patients. Common drugs causing photoallergic reactions include:

• NSAIDs
• Antifungals
• Antibiotics

Topicals (e.g., sunscreens, fragrances, antimicrobial agents) could trigger a photoallergic reaction in some patients.

Protect Your Skin From Drugs Causing Sun Sensitivity

When taking photosensitive medications, protect your skin from direct exposure to sunlight. Here’s how:

• Follow instructions for taking the drugs.
• Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen – which protects your skin from both UVA and UVB rays – with an SPF of at least 30.
• Wear protective clothing (e.g., hat, cover-up, long sleeves, pants, sunglasses).
• Ask about special sunscreens with a higher sun protection factor.
• Limit sun exposure.
• Avoid tanning beds and any extreme heat or cold exposure.
• Get regular skin checkups with your doctor.

What to Do When You Have Sun Sensitivity

Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any skin problems from taking medications. They may suggest that you discontinue the use of the drug and prescribe an alternative, if possible. Discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your doctor or pharmacist.